Simpson’s paradox: Hoermann et al explain why T4-T3 therapy trials are faulty

Why have clinical trials of T3-T4 combination therapy failed to show significant benefit? Hoermann et al explain that the trials and the meta-analyses exhibit a fundamental problem with research methodology and a fundamental misunderstanding of thyroid hormone relationships that results in statistical errors. SOURCE Hoermann, R., Midgley, J. E. M., Larisch, R., & Dietrich, J. W. (2018). Lessons from Randomised Clinical Trials for Triiodothyronine Treatment of Hypothyroidism: Have They Achieved Their Objectives? Journal of Thyroid Research, Article ID 3239197. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/3239197 Simpson’s Paradox As explained by Wikipedia, “Simpson’s paradox, or the Yule–Simpson effect, is a phenomenon in probability and statistics, in …

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The THIRD type of autoimmune thyroid disease: Atrophic Thyroiditis

Do you know about the THIRD type of autoimmune thyroid disease? Atrophic thyroiditis may coexist with Hashimoto’s and can occur in people with Graves’ disease. Atrophic Thyroiditis is an extreme form of primary hypothyroidism in which the thyroid gland is severely atrophied (shrunken, shrivelled) by antibody attack. In some estimates, approximately 10% of Hashimoto’s patients carry the blocking antibodies associated with Atrophic Thyroiditis (AT) (Fröhlich & Wahl, 2017). See the statistics of how many people are affected by this form of thyroid autoimmunity in “Overlooked: How many Hashimoto’s patients with TSH-Receptor antibodies?“ But Atrophic Thyroiditis is not simply a subtype …

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