Deiodinases
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Thyroid hormone conversion
The molecular structure of Thyroxine (T4) hormone can be visualized as a horse. (1) This simple visual diagram can help you “see” what is invisible and mysterious — how T3 and other forms of thyroid hormone are created from T4. Imagine a molecule with two circles and a tail as the body of the horse.…
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Ubiquitination: The glass ceiling of T4 monotherapy
UBIQUITINATION: This is the “Glass ceiling” of T4 monotherapy — in some patients, there is a biological limit on how much T3 they can get out of treatment with T4 thyroid hormone alone (Synthroid, levothyroxine). Scientists recently explained how D2’s gene (DIO3) is inactivated by rising levels of T4: “Although DIO2 expression is only weakly…
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Bianco interview on T3 combination therapy, May 2018
LISTEN to an audio interview with leading US endocrinologist Dr. Antonio Bianco in March 2018. He explains why T4 monotherapy became so successful, and why the addition of T3 medication to some thyroid patients’ therapy may be helpful in removing chronic hypothyroid symptoms. In this post we give you a commentary. https://docthyroid.com/75-fat-foggy-and-depressed-after-thyroidectomy-you-may-benefit-from-t3-with-dr-antonio-bianco-from-rush-university/ The first 3…
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Infographic: The dangers of Low T3 Syndrome
Some research articles on Low T3 Syndrome Economidou, F., Douka, E., Tzanela, M., Nanas, S., & Kotanidou, A. (2011). Thyroid function during critical illness. Hormones (Athens, Greece), 10(2), 117–124. https://doi.org/10.14310/horm.2002.1301 The metabolic support of the critically ill patient is a relatively new target of active research and little is as yet known about the effects…
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REVIEW: Dr. Antonio Bianco’s 2016 interview on hypothyroidism
In 2016, Dr. Elizabeth McAninch and Dr. Antonio Bianco published a research paper called “The History and Future of Treatment with Hypothyroidism.” On Dr. Bianco’s research team’s website, deiodinase.org, there is a blog post about this study that includes a wonderful video of Dr. McAninch talking about the historical research they did on thyroid therapy.…