UBIQUITINATION: This is the "Glass ceiling" of T4 monotherapy -- in some patients, there is a biological limit on how much T3 they can get out of treatment with T4 thyroid hormone alone (Synthroid, levothyroxine). Scientists recently explained how D2's gene (DIO3) is inactivated by rising levels of T4: "Although DIO2 expression is only weakly … Continue reading Ubiquitination: The glass ceiling of T4 monotherapy
Category: FT3:FT4 ratio
REVIEW: T3-T4 ratio in myocardial infarction
Assessing the RATIO between Free T3 and Free T4 within the reference range is clinically relevant, even for people without thyroid disease. Why, then, should these two tests be considered unnecessary for assessing the thyroid hormone status and the health risk of hypothyroid patients on therapy? A 2018 study has demonstrated that a LOW free … Continue reading REVIEW: T3-T4 ratio in myocardial infarction
Interpreting Free T3 and Free T4 in therapy
Hypothyroidism is a thyroid hormone insufficiency, so it's only logical to measure the success of therapy by the goal: T4 and T3 thyroid hormone sufficiency. Especially T3 sufficiency, the active hormone. Lab tests like Free T3 and Free T4 can indicate "relative" T3 and T4 sufficiency in bloodstream ... but one has to carefully interpret … Continue reading Interpreting Free T3 and Free T4 in therapy
REVIEW: DIO1 gene affects T3:T4 ratio
Panicker et al, 2008 Click title to read it online: A Common Variation in Deiodinase 1 Gene DIO1 Is Associated with the Relative Levels of Free Thyroxine and Triiodothyronine Background "D1 is found in liver, kidney, thyroid, and pituitary" and as blood flows through these organs, D1 converts T4 into T3, increasing levels of Free T3 … Continue reading REVIEW: DIO1 gene affects T3:T4 ratio