In this post, I’ll comment on the case study of a woman who suffered for 23 years with undiagnosed central hypothyroidism between 1992 and 2015 (age 34 to age 57) because her TSH was repeatedly in normal range. She developed… Read More ›
HPT axis
Gullo: LT4 monotherapy and thyroid loss invert FT3 and FT4 per unit of TSH
In 2011, Gullo’s research team published a landmark study in thyroid therapy titled “Levothyroxine Monotherapy Cannot Guarantee Euthyroidism in All Athyreotic Patients.” Gullo and colleagues examined the TSH, FT3 and FT4 levels and the FT3:FT4 ratios of 1,811 thyroidless patients… Read More ›
Meet a person with the perfect T3:T4 thyroid secretion ratio
I would like to introduce you to Subject #7, the only person in Pilo’s 1990 study who had a thyroid secretion ratio of 14.5 parts T4 to 1 part T3, which was closest to the statistical average of 15.87 to… Read More ›
The significance of the TSH-FT3 circadian rhythm
In my earlier post about circadian rhythms in thyroid health, I asked two quiz questions about TSH, FT3 and FT4 variability. First I asked “Which value varies the most during the day, a) TSH, b) Free T3 or c) Free… Read More ›
Circadian rhythms of TSH, Free T4 and Free T3 in thyroid health
Let’s take a thyroid hormone rhythm quiz to get into this article. It’s only two questions long, and both questions and answers are in this introduction. Question #1. Which value varies the most during the day, a) TSH, b) Free… Read More ›
Infographic: Thyroid hormone journey
This summary blog post will take you through a visual journey as you follow thyroid hormones through bloodstream, transporters, cells, and receptors. This infographic is not like most others you’ll see that portray a gland-centric view of the HPT axis…. Read More ›
Visual bias: The pituitary gland in HPT axis diagrams
Too many diagrams focus on the “HPT axis,” in which the Hypothalamus, the Pituitary, and Thyroid gland are the biggest icons. Take for example this diagram from Ortiga-Carvalho’s chapter in a physiology textbook. The huge, super-ballsy pituitary. Seriously? In diagrams… Read More ›
Summary: T3 secretion and T4-T3 conversion
My article published May 4, 2020, “Thyroid T3 secretion compensates for T4-T3 conversion” has received very strong positive feedback. People are saying that it’s a ground-breaking, game-changing article on the HPT axis in health versus thyroid disease, and that it… Read More ›