Scientific research analysis
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A complete pathway map of T4 and T3 metabolism and clearance
Biochemical pathway maps are an important aspect of medical education and medical problem-solving. They help us to view a network or series of chemical reactions in cells. In this article, I present a comprehensive science-based pathway map showing all the major pathways of both T4 and T3 hormone metabolism, also including their urinary clearance. I…
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Finkler, 1959: Liothyronine as a replacement for thyroid therapy
One of Thyroid Patients Canada’s values is to bring to light little-known aspects of the history of thyroid therapy so that it can open minds about future possibilities. The history of L-T3 (Liothyronine) monotherapy brings to light the flexibility and diversity of our thyroid pharmaceuticals to adapt to the unique metabolic needs of the individual.…
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Ingbar and Braverman’s historic study of LT4 monotherapy
As part of my post on “The thyroid gland is a T3 shield,” I reviewed a research article by Ingbar and team from 1982. Wow. What a treasure. The title of this article is “Elevated serum thyroxine concentration in patients receiving ‘replacement’ doses of levothyroxine.” Just look at that title. They began their title with…
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Prevalence rates for 10 chronic disorders at various FT4, TSH and FT3 levels
Which FT3, FT4 and TSH levels have the highest and lowest prevalence rates for 10 common health disorders? Hypertension Hyperlipidemia (high cholesterol) Depression Diabetes Coronary artery disease Heart failure Atrial fibrillation Peripheral vascular disease Renal failure (kidney failure) Dementia Is high-normal TSH and low FT3 associated with one condition, while high-normal FT4 and low or…
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Mimicry: The idol of T3-T4 combo therapy 2004-2014
They say that history is written by the victors. Not always. Sometimes histories are written by advocates for the oppressed and disenfranchised. A common theme on our website is the need to see current practices and thyroid therapy challenges in light of thyroid therapy history. Instead of trusting histories written by scientists, one ought to…